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Stephen Levy. Hackers: Heroes of the Computer Revolution (New York:Penguin Non Classics,1984); Pp 464, $11.00, ISBN 978-0-141-00051-0
'This is our world now... the world of the electron and the switch, the beauty of the baud. We make use of a service already existing without paying for what could be dirt-cheap if it wasn't run by profiteering gluttons, and you call us criminals. We explore... and you call us criminals. We seek after knowledge... and you call us criminals. We exist without skin color, without nationality, without religious bias... and you call us criminals. You build atomic bombs, you wage wars, you murder, cheat, and lie to us and try to make us believe it's for our own good, yet we're the criminals.'
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AÏlÏSa j¤M¡ÏSÑ, ®fn¡u LÏÇfEV¡l ¯h‘¡ÏeL, BNËq LÏf-®mgV Hhw ÏgË pgVJuÉ¡l B®¾c¡me, ®k¡N¡®k¡N arijit72@gmail.com